仔猪均匀度遗传参数估计及影响因素分析

doi:10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2015.12.004

畜牧兽医学报 ›› 2015, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (12): 2146-2152.doi: 10.11843/j.issn.0366-6964.2015.12.004

仔猪均匀度遗传参数估计及影响因素分析

施辉毕¹，王立刚¹，梁晶¹，杨厚德²，廖玲玲²，陈钊³，刘欣¹，赵克斌¹，张龙超¹，颜华¹，王立贤^1*

（1．中国农业科学院北京畜牧兽医研究所，北京 100193；2.广西柯新源原种猪有限责任公司，南宁 530001；3.广西畜牧研究所，南宁 530001）

收稿日期:2015-02-10 出版日期:2015-12-23 发布日期:2015-12-23
通讯作者: 王立贤，研究员，E-mail：iaswlx@263.net
作者简介:施辉毕（1989-），男，云南宣威人，硕士，主要从事猪遗传育种研究，Tel：010-62816011，E-mail：Shihbi@126.com
基金资助:
中国农业科学院科技创新工程（ASTIP-IAS02）；中国农业科学院基本科研业务费增量项目（2014ZL006）；现代农业产业技术体系（2011ZX08006-003）

Factors Analysis and Genetic Parameter Estimation of Litter Uniformity

SHI Hui-bi¹，WANG Li-gang¹，LIANG Jing¹，YANG Hou-de²，LIAO Ling-ling²，CHEN Zhao³，LIU Xin¹，ZHAO Ke-bin¹，ZHANG Long-chao¹，YAN Hua¹，WANG Li-xian^1*

（1.Institute of Animal Science，Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences，Beijing 100193，China;2.Guangxi Kexinyuan Breeding Pigs Limited Liability Company，Nanning 530001，China；3.Guangxi Institute of Animal Sciences，Nanning 530001，China）

Received:2015-02-10 Online:2015-12-23 Published:2015-12-23

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

本研究对仔猪均匀度遗传参数进行估计并对影响仔猪均匀度的固定效应（年份、配种季节及胎次）进行统计分析。旨在为育种工作提供仔猪均匀度遗传参数数据支持，了解非遗传因素对养猪生产的影响，为猪场生产管理提供参考。本研究对2 766窝纯种大白母猪产仔记录进行统计分析，利用动物模型REML（约束最大似然）法估计群体重要繁殖性状的遗传力及性状之间的遗传相关，并建立固定效应模型对仔猪均匀度影响因素进行最小二乘分析。结果表明：群体仔猪均匀度、总产仔数、产活仔数、产死仔数及初生窝重的遗传力分别为0.096、0.107、0.101、0.068、0.171；仔猪均匀度与总产仔数以及仔猪均匀度与产死仔数之间都存在正的遗传相关，遗传相关系数分别为0.205、0.157。固定效应方差分析表明，季节对仔猪均匀度影响显著（P=0.023 6）；胎次与产仔数对仔猪均匀度影响极显著（P=0.001）。仔猪均匀度是可遗传的，其遗传力与产仔数遗传力相近。结合现代育种手段，制定合理的育种方案，仔猪均匀度是能够得到改良的。仔猪均匀度与总产仔数、产死仔数之间存在正的遗传相关。因此，育种工作中不能一味追求高产，应适当考虑仔猪均匀度，减少仔猪死亡率，最大限度的提高母猪年生产力。

Abstract:

In order to provide data support for genetic parameters of piglet uniformity in breeding，to understand the impacts of non-genetic factors on raising pigs，and to provide references for production management of pig farms，we have evaluated the genetic parameters of piglet uniformity and statistically analyzed the fixed effects (years，mating seasons and parity) affecting the uniformity of piglets in this study.Statistical analysis of 2 766 purebred Large White sows’ farrowing records were conducted and the heritabilities and genetic correlations among important reproductive traits in groups were estimated using REML (restricted maximum likelihood) method.Moreover，least squares analysis for the influence factors of piglet uniformity were set up using fixed-effect model.The heritability of litter uniformity，total number of newborns，number born alive，number born dead and total litter weight at birth of piglets was 0.096，0.107，0.101，0.068 and 0.171，respectively.The genetic correlation coefficient between piglet uniformity and total number of newborns and between piglet uniformity and number born dead were 0.205 and 0.157，respectively.Fixed-effect analysis revealed that the seasons had significant impacts (P=0.023 6) on the uniformity of piglets.Parity and number of newborns had significant impacts (P=0.001) on the uniformity of piglets.The uniformity of piglets is heritable and its heritability is similar to the heritability of number of newborns.The uniformity of piglets can be improved by a reasonable breeding program.As uniformity of piglets has a positive genetic correlation with the total number of newborns and death rate，breeders should not pursue the high yield blindly.Uniformity of piglets，piglet death rate and sow annual productivity should also be considered.

中图分类号:

仔猪均匀度|繁殖性状|影响因素|遗传参数

施辉毕，王立刚，梁晶，杨厚德，廖玲玲，陈钊，刘欣，赵克斌，张龙超，颜华，王立贤. 仔猪均匀度遗传参数估计及影响因素分析[J]. 畜牧兽医学报, 2015, 46(12): 2146-2152.

SHI Hui-bi，WANG Li-gang，LIANG Jing，YANG Hou-de，LIAO Ling-ling，CHEN Zhao，LIU Xin，ZHAO Ke-bin，ZHANG Long-chao，YAN Hua，WANG Li-xian. Factors Analysis and Genetic Parameter Estimation of Litter Uniformity[J]. ACTA VETERINARIA ET ZOOTECHNICA SINICA, 2015, 46(12): 2146-2152.

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仔猪均匀度遗传参数估计及影响因素分析

Factors Analysis and Genetic Parameter Estimation of Litter Uniformity

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